What we know so far is that krymsk 86 appears to be compatible with almond. The almond doctor 20 nov 11 observations of krymsk86 rootstock the almond doctor. Observations on krymsk 86 rootstock joe connell, uc farm advisor, butte county krymsk 86 is a peachplum hybrid rootstock prunus persica x p. It is a very dwarfing and has a tendency to have rootsuckers. Krymsk 86 roots are susceptible to root knot nematodes, limiting. Written by joe connell, ucce farm advisor, butte county krymsk 86 is a peachplum hybrid rootstock prunus persica x p.
Evaluation of potential prunus rootstocks for almond. After 4 years, it has survived well, looks healthy with no suckers, and makes a standard size tree. Pdf investigation of salt tolerance mechanisms across a. This is due to its superior anchorage and better tolerance of heavy soil. Observations on krymsk 86 sacramento valley orchard source. The first trial in butte county including this rootstock was planted in 2003. M40 is a more grower friendly rootstock than m2624 but its tolerance to oak root fungus has not yet been proven. Strong rootstock x scion interaction which depends on management. Our vast selection of almond varieties and rootstocks allows growers to choose the characteristics that best suit their soil conditions and market needs.
Although it is half plum, it doesnt have the root suckering problem of marianna 2624 and is compatible with nonpareil. A lowest for krymsk 86, b moderate for marianna 2624 and c lovell, and d highest for hansen 536. It has outstanding balance between vigor and cropping. Fritz blooms were identical across rootstocks table 2. Empyrean 1 rootpacr krymsk 86 yields nonpareil nutmeats lbacre 1450 1500 1550 1600 1650 1700 1750. Images are representative of a subset of these four rootstocks inoculated with armillaria mellea isolate sol310 at 2 months postinoculation, during the first of. Ishtara has been killed by oak root fungus in other fields and poor anchorage made this rootstock unacceptable for almonds. Identify armillariaresistant rootstocks for almond, by first screening a set of commerciallyavailable prunus rootstocks, and determine the relationship between the results of our infection assay in the lab and field observations. However, no tested rootstock appears to be highly tolerant of excessive boron. Cold hardy and tolerates high ph due to excess calcium. Good anchorage very little suckering appears to be very compatible with almond. Identification of almond rootstocks with resistance to. Most peach x almond hybrids and viking accumulate significantly less hull boron than other rootstocks.
Alternative rootstocks being tested in stanislaus county for almond krymsk 86 russia plum myrobalan x peach 80 90% size of nemaguard similar to lovell reported to be tolerant to heavy soils, root rot. Several almond varieties, including nonpareil, have performed well on krymsk 86 in uc rootstock trials. Well drained soils, does not like wet feet or heavy soils. If your site had this limiting factor krymsk 86 would not be the rootstock for you. Boron tolerant rootstocks decrease b to scion decrease b at growing points flowers, nuts where it can do damage.
Garnem, padac 150, padac 0403, padac 0401, rootpac 70, pm 105 ad, agaf 030104, krymsk 1, krymsk. Suitable for most soil conditions including relatively poor soil and grassed orchards. Gophers can easily kill two to four year old trees, but ive seen 10 year old trees girdled and killed by gophers as well. Nickels, titan and fxa continue to perform better than other rootstocks under high boron conditions lovell, krymsk 86 continue to perform poorly under high boron conditions. Adapted from the article observations on krymsk 86 rootstock by joe. Early information has demonstrated good yield efficiencies and some enhanced fruit. Nov 23, 2020 krymsk 86, a cross of plum and peach, has replaced lovell as the most commonly planted rootstock in the sacramento valley.
As such, this hybrid rootstock is different than any other rootstock in use in the california almond industry. Tolerance to oak root fungus has not been proven for m40. If you are like many growers in the sacramento valley, you may have planted a new almond orchard on krymsk 86 k86. New possibilities for rootstock selections in the 21st century. Krymsk 86 appears to be compatible with almond and it has a vigorous root system with good anchorage as a young tree. Viking, krymsk 86 and atlas, whereas tcsas of trees on krymsk 1, controller 5.
Unlike other rootstocks with plum genetics, krymsk 86 is compatible with nonpareil. Vigor of krymsk 86 is a little less than nemaguard but more than marianna 2624. If a not great rootstock is already in the ground, leach in the winter, set a crop early and watch for bot. Nov 20, 2011 krymsk 86 is a peachplum hybrid rootstock prunus persica x p. Among the rootstock s top selling qualities is its excellent compatibility with nonpareil, californias topplanted variety. Last fall, victor eremin, director of the krymsk experimental breeding station, came to washington state university with weil to collect budwood of his familys own rootstocks from the foundation blocks at the clean. For almonds, the vigor and productivity of krymsk 86 are similar to lovell. A new rootstock suitable for peaches, nectarines and almonds. The rootstocks that had the highest yield efficiency were hbok 10, hbok 32 and krymsk 1 table 1.
Sacramento valley almond news, 2015 rootstock compatibility. The nonpareil trees on krymsk 86 are larger than adjacent trees on lovell peach. Krymsk 5 is an excellent sweet cherry rootstock having more precocity than mazzard or colt, yet not as precocious as the gisela series. A new alternative for heavy soils may have come to us from russia. It is reputed to be susceptible to root lesion and ring nematode and very susceptible to rootknot nematode. Almond st julien a, almond krymsk 86, almond brompton, bullace vva1, bullace krymsk 2, bullace pixy, bullace s766, bullace wavit, bullace adaptabil, bullace st julien a, bullace brompton, cherry plum vva1, cherry plum krymsk 2, cherry plum pixy, cherry plum s766, cherry plum wavit, cherry plum st julien a, cherry plum brompton, damson vva1. Investigation of salt tolerance mechanisms across a root. What we know so far is that krymsk 86 appears to be compatible with almond and it has a vigorous root system with good anchorage as a young tree. Evaluation of potential prunus rootstocks for almond production.
For detailed analysis of 2019 results, see pages 2024 at the our 2019 report to the almond board of california. The agronomic performance and fruit quality traits were evaluated for ten prunus rootstocks. Just completing their ninth growing season, the nonpareil trees on krymsk 86 are larger than adjacent trees on lovell peach. Rootstock options for california almond orchards stanislaus county.
Oct 26, 2018 lovell and krymsk 86 performed the worst and yielded the lowest, which she says made scientific sense because neither rootstock included any almond heritage. Observations of krymsk86 rootstock the almond doctor. The big takeaway is that rootstocks with some almond parentage do better in highboron soils than those without any almond genetic background, she says. In commercial orchards and trials alike, krymsk 86 rooted prune trees consistently withstand applied force better than most other rootstocks. Mortality among almond rootstocks in our growth chamber assay was as follows. It has excellent growth, uniformity, and excellent anchorage for young almond trees. Nickels, titan and fxa continue to perform better than other rootstocks under high boron conditions. Additionally, krymsk 5 is very tolerant of stress conditions, such as high temperature and low soil moisture. Nonpareil flowers had similar bloom periods across rootstock, though all bloomed earlier than viking rootstock flowers table 1. A rootstock trial in yolo county was designed to find which almond rootstocks do better or worse under high boron conditions. We have about eight years of experience with krymsk 86 in michigan. Both ishtara and the krymsk 86 rootstocks had 5 percent of the trees missing while lovell rootstock had 10 percent missing.
Krymsk 86 may be a good choice for sierra foothill orchards where drainage problems exist, and nematodes and salt are not an issue. There were no leaning trees on the krymsk 86 rootstock. Look for missing bark and parallel tooth marks on the wood at feeding sites. Several almond varieties, including nonpareil, have performed well on krymsk 86 in university of california rootstock trials in stanislaus and colusa counties. Pdf eighteen prunus rootstocks budded with redhaven peach were planted at 16. Krymsk 86 is a very promising hybrid rootstock, especially for almond growers. Click for issue of the scoop on fruits and nuts in stanislaus county for map and details to download or print.
Almond and fruit tree rootstocks lovell nemaguard hansen 536 peach almond hybrid nickels peach almond hybrid krymsk 86 m40 marianna 2624 myrobalan 29c myrobalan ishtara citation soil type adaptability. Choosing the best almond rootstock for your orchard. Screening almond rootstocks for sources of resistance to. As such, this hybrid rootstock is different than any other. The monterey variety can sometimes develop yellow, cupped leaves on krymsk 86, but this is largely attributed to temporary, saturated soil conditions.
Progress 100112 to 0930 outputs progress report objectives from ad416. Lovell, krymsk 86, atlas, cadaman, and hbok 50 accumulate the most hull b. Viking, krymsk86 and atlas, whereas tcsas of trees on krymsk1, controller 5. Today, krymsk86 rootstock is widely popular in california almond circles. Nov 15, 20 however, it is also incompatible with nonpareil. The two trial sites will consist of the following planting conditions. Rootstocks from krymsk, russia, with love good fruit grower. Abnormality draws attention to krymsk86 almond rootstock.
Root order 1 2 3 4 5 proportion of root length 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 krymsk 86 plumpeach hybrid mariana plum root order 1 2 3 4 5 proportion of root mass 0. New almond research unlocks potential rootstock has in. Krymsk 86 is a peachplum hybrid rootstock prunus persica x p. Armillaria root disease is a serious problem in almond, as. Almond news krymsk 86 is a peachplum hybrid rootstock prunus. Based on cellular and molecular evidence, our results show that e1 has a higher capacity for salt exclusion by a combination of upregulating ion transporter expression and enhanced deposition of suberin and lignin in the root apoplastic barriers. Consider alternative rootstocks for a more profitable. In 2011, carolyn debuse, former yolosolano ucce tree crop advisor, started a trial to measure the impact of heavy, clay soils and high boron water on different almond rootstocks with the support of grower dave scheuring. The aftermath of galeforce winds in the southern sacramento valley last week has further highlighted the importance of selecting prune rootstocks with good anchorage. Krymsk 86 kuban 86 is a myrobolan plum x peach hybrid with vigor similar to lovell. The soil adaptation is quite broad, including soils considered too wet for lovell.
Average fruit weight varied significantly among locations and rootstocks table 5. Replantpac rootpac r, a plumalmond hybrid rootstock for. Krymsk 1 vva1 is a nanking cherry x myrobolan plum clonal rootstock cross developed in russia. It has repeatedly shown superior anchorage relative to all other rootstocks, including peach almond hybrids. Almond digest cooperative extension san joaquin county. A major issue in sacramento valley almond orchards is the compatibility of certain varieties with plum rootstocks table 4 those rootstocks can survive in wet, heavy soils in winter better than peach seedling or peach almond hybrid. Krymsk 86 has also shown resistance to some species of phytophthora. The aftermath of these wind events has further highlighted the importance of selecting prune rootstocks with good anchorage. Tree canopy size is the greatest factor in yield as the accumulated total yield of trees on these six rootstocks. Common errors in orchard set up california almonds. Nonpareil is not compatible with marianna 2624 or m40, but appears compatible with krymsk 86.
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