Us wildflowers database of family asteraceae wildflowers. The potential medicinal value of plants from asteraceae. In the present study, the important role of asteraceae family plants was investigated in terms of their traditional records for wound healing purposes table 1. This family includes 900 genera and about,000 species. The local medicinal uses include painkiller, diuretic, febrifuges, carminative, anthelmintic, anti. The family is divided into three subfamilies and a.
In some countries, it is considered a weed that is hard to control. Flora of australia, volume 37asteraceae 1 department of. The members of this family are worldwide in distribution. A ray flower is a 3tipped 3lobed, strapshaped, individual flower in the head of some members of the family asteraceae. The family is characterized by having a capitulum or head, an inferior, unilocular ovary with one ovule, and with few exceptions fused anthers surrounding the style. Asteraceae compositae the sunflower family 1,528 genera 22,750 species around the style distribution. The capitulum capitula plural is a specialized indeterminate inflorescence that can contain 1 to hundreds of individual flowers florets.
Life scientific name with authority common name family name. Disk flowers are generally bisexual and fertile but occasionally staminate with reduced ovaries. Asteraceae or compositae, the sunflower family, is the largest family of flowering plants, encompassing some fifteen hundred genera and nearly twentyfive thousand species. The capitulum capitula plural is a specialized indeterminate inflorescence that can contain 1. Field identification of the 50 most common plant families in. The family asteraceae compositae is regarded as the most advanced and highly evolved and is considered to occupy the highest position in the plant kingdom. For family names, the modern tendency in taxonomy is to use the name of a familiar plant in a certain family and to add the suffix aceae to the name. Late purple aster, spreading aster symphyotrichum patens native family. Asteraceae plants of the aster or sunflower family previously known as the composite family. Petals may be entire, fringed or deeply cleft and sepals may be free or united. Saleh and van staden, 2018, and this family is widely distributed and is considered to be the largest family of flowering plants in the world gao et al. Plants mostly herbaceous annuals, biennials or perennials. Closeup of head capitulum, characteristic of the asteraceae. Family araliaceae the aralia or ginseng family february 1, 2015 excerpt there are about 70 genera and 700 species in the araliaceae that are comprised of trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants that are spread widely through the temperate regions with centers in the indomalayan area and also in tropical america.
A disk flower has a generally radial corolla, with a cylindric tube, expanded throat, and generally 5 lobes. The potential medicinal value of plants from asteraceae family with. As regards the world diversity of the family, only about 12% of genera have. Worldwide, the asteraceae embraces at least 20,000 species of flowering plants. Flower and head types differ in form and sexual condition. Sunflowers, coneflowers, goldenrods, and many other wildflowers belong to this family. The aim of this study was to evaluate the free radical scavenging activity and total phenolic and flavonoid contents of methanol, ethanol, and acetone extracts from flowers and leaves of onopordum acanthium l. Asteraceae or compositae is an exceedingly large and widespread family of flowering plants with more than 23,600. Pdf the relevance of asteraceae family plants in most of. It includes the plants that are normally cultivated for ornamental flowers as well as for oil value. Pdf asteraceae, also called compositae, is one of the largest angiospermic plant families among. In this way the family name asteraceae is made up by using the name aster and adding aceae.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the free radical scavenging activity. Jan 11, 2016 most asteraceae plant family members are herbaceous. Modes of reproduction in the chinese asteraceae are known only fragmentarily. Medicinal value of the asteraceae of dir kohistan valley.
Members of this family are easily identified by recognizing the composite flowerlike inflorescence known as the. Listed characteristics are the most common characteristics. The family apiaceae also throws some light on the origin of sympetalous advanced families like rubiaceae and asteraceae compositae. Aromatherapy oils from the asteraceae plant family. Asteraceae comprises approximately 10% of angiosperm species, with 1700 genera and around 24000 species of shrubs and trees distributed throughout the world, more commonly in arid and semiarid regions of. In the present study, the important role of asteraceae family plants was investigated in terms of their traditional records for wound healing purposes table 1 as well as the preclinical studies. Family asteraceae plant families australian national. Virus induced gene silencing as a genetic tool in the asteraceae family. Asteraceae compositae the asteraceae are herbs, shrubs, or less commonly trees and are arguably the largest family of flowering plants, comprising about 1,100 genera and 20,000 species that are characterized by having the flowers reduced and organized into an involucrate pseudanthium in the form of a head or capitulum. The asteraceae plant family is well known for being used in ethnomedicine and represents the most numerous family in plant kingdom. Family asteraceae australian national botanic gardens. Asteraceae, the sunflower family, is one of the easiest plant families to recognize. The asteraceae plants phytochemical composition is mainly consisted in cholinergic, dopaminergic or serotonergic molecules which are involved in the pathophysiology of the neuropsychiatric. Us wildflowers database of family asteraceae wildflowers for.
The present study deals with the local uses of 25 species belonging to 21 genera of the family asteraceae. Friends of the regional parks botanic garden a living. Sunflower or aster family lettuce, artichoke, calendula, zinnia, marigold, sunflower. Biologically active secondary metabolites from asteraceae and. The phyllaries can be free or fused, and arranged in one to many rows, overlapping like the. Aug 21, 2018 in this context, plants from the asteraceae family are well known for their ethnopharmacological importance for many communities rodriguezchavez et al. The availability of a molecular phylogeny for the asteraceae allows for an independent assessment of the patterns of morphological, chemical, and chromosomal evolution in the family. This view is proved on the fact that in both apiaceae and rubiaceae there is tendency of flowers to be aggregated into umbellate heads, reduction of calyx lobes, epigyny, pendulous ovule, bicarpellary ovary. Note that thistles and artichokes were reclassified from a tribe to a separate subfamily of their own. Asteraceae compositae mexican ageratum, yoat weed origin. It allows for the comparison of single flowers against flower he. They have a unique type of inflorescence consisting of many tiny flowers aggregated together in a flower head a capitulum that forms a false flower.
This family is the most diverse family of angiosperms and has a worldwide distribution. Asteraceae or compositae is an exceedingly large and widespread family of flowering plants with more than 23,600 currently accepted species, spread across 1,620 genera and subfamilies. The tribes are based on various characteristics including fragrance of leaves. This compendium is available for free download without cost for non. Compositae the uniqueness of the aster or sunflower family is that what first seems to be a single large flower is actually a composite of many smaller flowers. Asteraceae family is the largest family of angiosperms. The most distinctive feature of asteraceae is their inflorescence structure, the highly compressed inflorescence branch system called the capitulum or flower head, in which all the flowers are attached to a receptacle that is surrounded by involucral. Frontiers use of some asteraceae plants for the treatment. Asteraceae, the aster, daisy, or composite family of the floweringplant order asterales.
Vegetable plantvegetable plant families and page f their. Dir kohistan valley has diverse habitats for the growth of various medicinal plants. This book is brought to you for free and open access by the southern illinois university press at opensiuc. The aster subfamily consists of numerous tribes, some with species radically different from others in the subfamily. Biologically active secondary metabolites from asteraceae. Whorled wood aster, whorled aster, mountain aster, sharpleaved aster oclemena acuminata native family. Key identifying characteristics for asteraceae include an. Pdf the asteraceae is one of the largest families of flowering plants. Most members of the aster family in new england are annual or perennial herbs. Asteraceae asteroideae the aster subfamily of the aster family. Asteraceae 2 taxonomic discussion on the asteraceae is included under the relevant tribes. Many of these characteristics are homologous for the entire group, whether comparing a blue whale to an amoeba or a human to a giant redwood tree. In this system the flowers are such that the stamens form a tube around the immature style, with their pollen surfaces facing inward. Characteristic features and economic importance of family.
Some plants of this family are used as food sonic of these are lettuce fsi. With more than 1,620 genera and 23,600 species of herbs, shrubs, and trees distributed throughout the world, asteraceae is one of the largest plant families. The members of asteraceae, together with the other families in the order asterales, employ a system of pollination known as plunger, or secondary, pollination. Feb 28, 2015 the asteraceae asters, daisy or sunflower family or compositae composites are a very large and diverse group of flowering plants angiosperms with some 1620 genera and over 23 000 species. The corolla of the ray flower may have 2 tiny teeth opposite the 3lobed strap, or tongue, indicating evolution by fusion from an originally 5part corolla. As the style elongates within the tube of anthers, it pushes the pollen out on specialized hairs located beneath the closed stigma. These plants have composite flowers which are actually flowerlike inflorescences.
The family asteraceae is one of the largest plant families on which the wound healing activity studies have been focused. When a sunflower family flower head has only disc flowers that are sterile, male, or have both. Most species are herbs, but some are shrubs and a few are trees. Many of them are spices used in traditional medicine to cure microbial infections. It includes maximum number of genera 950 and species 20000. The chamomile tribe includes the most aromatic members of. Jepson manual glossary definitions can be seen by moving your cursor over words underlined with. These form more than ten per cent of the total number of species of flowering plants. As the style elongates within the tube of anthers, it pushes the pollen out on specialized hairs located beneath the. Aromatherapy oils from the asteraceae plant family sedona. The compositae asteraceae family is nested high in. The family a steraceae compositae is regarded as the most advanced and highly evolved and is considered to occupy the highest position in the plant kingdom.
Flowers and leaves of each plant were washed with tap wa. The family asteraceae, alternatively compositae, consists of over 32,000 known species of. Asteraceae from wikipedia wikipedia, the free encyclopedia web page. Apr 12, 2021 immense structural diversity exists in this family of some 20,000 species. About half of the species are native to the old world and half are native to the new world. Family araliaceae the aralia or ginseng family american. Alternate simple or compound leaves, often with wide central vein. It is one of the largest families of flowering plants.
Some of the features of the family that have enabled such rapid radiation and possible speciation reside within the group of flowers that. The inflorescence of asteraceae is so distinctive that the family was recognized as a distinct group early on, and given a name, compositae, that was so universally recognized that when the structure of family names was first formalized with the aeae suffix, it was agreed the compositae. Pappus modified calyx, a diagnostic character of the asteraceae family associated with the floral structure. The aster family, formerly known as compositae, features plants with flower heads made up of many tiny flowers arranged in a central disc, with outer petals giving the overal inflorescence its daisylike shape. Asteraceae key to species, jepson eflora jepson herbarium. Asteraceae, brassicaceae and poaceae characteristics and. Unifying features of eukaryotes below is a list of important features that are likely to have been present in the common ancestor of eukaryotes. Review articles the medicinal value of asteraceae family. Life scientific name with authority common name family.
Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles. The individual flowers can be one of several types. They have tap root system and the roots are branched. The plants database includes the following 19 species of aster. Asteraceae is among the largest families of plants with more than 23,000 species that occupy all the continents except antarctica jeffrey, 2007. The ageratum is an annual herb that grows about 2 feet high, and produces small, pretty, pink flowers at the top of its hairy stems. Acmella oleracea taiwan invasive species database imagejpeg.
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